Publications
Human Norovirus Triggers Primary B Cell Immune Activation In Vitro.
Mirabelli C, Jones MK, Young VL, Kolawole AO, Owusu I, Shan M, Abuaita B, Turula H, Trevino JG, Grigorova I, Lundy SK, Lyssiotis CA, Ward VK, Karst SM, Wobus CE. mBio. 2022 Apr 26;13(2):e0017522. doi: 10.1128/mbio.00175-22. Epub 2022 Apr 11. PMID: 35404121
Genome-scale CRISPR screens identify host factors that promote human coronavirus infection.
Grodzki M, Bluhm AP, Schaefer M, Tagmount A, Russo M, Sobh A, Rafiee R, Vulpe CD, Karst SM, Norris MH. Genome Med. 2022 Jan 27;14(1):10. doi: 10.1186/s13073-022-01013-1. PMID: 35086559
The influence of microbiota-derived metabolites on viral infections.
Alwin A, Karst SM. Curr Opin Virol. 2021 Aug;49:151-156. doi: 10.1016/j.coviro.2021.05.006. Epub 2021 Jun 16. PMID: 34144380
Norovirus evolution in immunodeficient mice reveals potentiated pathogenicity via a single nucleotide change in the viral capsid.
Walker FC, Hassan E, Peterson ST, Rodgers R, Schriefer LA, Thompson CE, Li Y, Kalugotla G, Blum-Johnston C, Lawrence D, McCune BT, Graziano VR, Lushniak L, Lee S, Roth AN, Karst SM, Nice TJ, Miner JJ, Wilen CB, Baldridge MT. PLoS Pathog. 2021 Mar 11;17(3):e1009402. doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1009402. eCollection 2021 Mar. PMID: 33705489
Norovirus infection causes acute self-resolving diarrhea in wild-type neonatal mice. Roth AN, Helm EW, Mirabelli C, Kirsche E, Smith JC, Eurell LB, Ghosh S, Altan-Bonnet N, Wobus CE, Karst SM. Nat Commun. 2020 Jun 11;11(1):2968. doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-16798-1. PMID: 32528015
Infectious Norovirus Is Chronically Shed by Immunocompromised Pediatric Hosts.
Davis A, Cortez V, Grodzki M, Dallas R, Ferrolino J, Freiden P, Maron G, Hakim H, Hayden RT, Tang L, Huys A, Kolawole AO, Wobus CE, Jones MK, Karst SM, Schultz-Cherry S. Viruses. 2020 Jun 5;12(6):619. doi: 10.3390/v12060619. PMID: 32516960
Survival of Human Norovirus Surrogates in Water upon Exposure to Thermal and Non-Thermal Antiviral Treatments.
Zhu S, Barnes C, Bhar S, Hoyeck P, Galbraith AN, Devabhaktuni D, Karst SM, Montazeri N, Jones MK. Viruses. 2020 Apr 19;12(4):461. doi: 10.3390/v12040461. PMID: 32325896
The intestinal regionalization of acute norovirus infection is regulated by the microbiota via bile acid-mediated priming of type III interferon.
Grau KR, Zhu S, Peterson ST, Helm EW, Philip D, Phillips M, Hernandez A, Turula H, Frasse P, Graziano VR, Wilen CB, Wobus CE, Baldridge MT, Karst SM. Nat Microbiol. 2020 Jan;5(1):84-92. doi: 10.1038/s41564-019-0602-7. Epub 2019 Nov 25. PMID: 31768030
Diverse Mechanisms Underlie Enhancement of Enteric Viruses by the Mammalian Intestinal Microbiota.
Roth AN, Grau KR, Karst SM. Viruses. 2019 Aug 17;11(8):760. doi: 10.3390/v11080760. PMID: 31426458
Editorial overview: Viruses and the microbiome.
Karst SM, Wobus CE. Curr Opin Virol. 2019 Aug;37:iii-vi. doi: 10.1016/j.coviro.2019.06.012. Epub 2019 Jul 20. PMID: 31331870
Enteric Viruses Hitch a Ride on the Evolutionary Highway.
Jones MK, Karst SM. Cell Host Microbe. 2018 Jan 10;23(1):5-6. doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2017.12.013. PMID: 29324229
The major targets of acute norovirus infection are immune cells in the gut-associated lymphoid tissue.
Grau KR, Roth AN, Zhu S, Hernandez A, Colliou N, DiVita BB, Philip DT, Riffe C, Giasson B, Wallet SM, Mohamadzadeh M, Karst SM. Nat Microbiol. 2017 Dec;2(12):1586-1591. doi: 10.1038/s41564-017-0057-7. Epub 2017 Nov 6. PMID: 29109476
A norovirus detection architecture based on isothermal amplification and expanded genetic systems.
Yaren O, Bradley KM, Moussatche P, Hoshika S, Yang Z, Zhu S, Karst SM, Benner SA. J Virol Methods. 2016 Nov;237:64-71. doi: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2016.08.012. Epub 2016 Aug 18. PMID: 27546345
Recent advances in understanding norovirus pathogenesis.
Karst SM, Tibbetts SA. J Med Virol. 2016 Nov;88(11):1837-43. doi: 10.1002/jmv.24559. Epub 2016 May 5. PMID: 27110852
Viral Safeguard: The Enteric Virome Protects against Gut Inflammation.
Karst SM. Immunity. 2016 Apr 19;44(4):715-8. doi: 10.1016/j.immuni.2016.04.004. PMID: 27096311
Norovirus antagonism of B-cell antigen presentation results in impaired control of acute infection.
Zhu S, Jones MK, Hickman D, Han S, Reeves W, Karst SM. Mucosal Immunol. 2016 Nov;9(6):1559-1570. doi: 10.1038/mi.2016.15. Epub 2016 Mar 23. PMID: 27007673
Viruses in Rodent Colonies: Lessons Learned from Murine Noroviruses.
Karst SM, Wobus CE. Annu Rev Virol. 2015 Nov;2(1):525-48. doi: 10.1146/annurev-virology-100114-055204. Epub 2015 Jul 2. PMID: 26958927
The influence of commensal bacteria on infection with enteric viruses.
Karst SM. Nat Rev Microbiol. 2016 Apr;14(4):197-204. doi: 10.1038/nrmicro.2015.25. Epub 2016 Feb 8. PMID: 26853118
Regulation of Norovirus Virulence by the VP1 Protruding Domain Correlates with B Cell Infection Efficiency.
Zhu S, Watanabe M, Kirkpatrick E, Murray AB, Sok R, Karst SM. J Virol. 2015 Dec 30;90(6):2858-67. doi: 10.1128/JVI.02880-15. PMID: 26719276
Norovirus mechanisms of immune antagonism.
Roth AN, Karst SM. Curr Opin Virol. 2016 Feb;16:24-30. doi: 10.1016/j.coviro.2015.11.005. Epub 2015 Dec 7. PMID: 26673810
Human norovirus culture in B cells.
Jones MK, Grau KR, Costantini V, Kolawole AO, de Graaf M, Freiden P, Graves CL, Koopmans M, Wallet SM, Tibbetts SA, Schultz-Cherry S, Wobus CE, Vinjé J, Karst SM. Nat Protoc. 2015 Dec;10(12):1939-47. doi: 10.1038/nprot.2015.121. Epub 2015 Oct 29. PMID: 26513671
Identification of a novel cellular target and a co-factor for norovirus infection - B cells & commensal bacteria.
Karst SM. Gut Microbes. 2015 Jul 4;6(4):266-71. doi: 10.1080/19490976.2015.1052211. Epub 2015 May 21. PMID: 25997033
Multiplex gastrointestinal pathogen panels: implications for infection control.
Rand KH, Tremblay EE, Hoidal M, Fisher LB, Grau KR, Karst SM. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 2015 Jun;82(2):154-7. doi: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2015.01.007. Epub 2015 Jan 22. PMID: 25796558
What is the reservoir of emergent human norovirus strains?
Karst SM, Baric RS. J Virol. 2015 Jun;89(11):5756-9. doi: 10.1128/JVI.03063-14. Epub 2015 Mar 18. PMID: 25787285
A working model of how noroviruses infect the intestine.
Karst SM, Wobus CE. PLoS Pathog. 2015 Feb 27;11(2):e1004626. doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1004626. eCollection 2015 Feb. PMID: 25723501
Enteric bacteria promote human and mouse norovirus infection of B cells.
Jones MK, Watanabe M, Zhu S, Graves CL, Keyes LR, Grau KR, Gonzalez-Hernandez MB, Iovine NM, Wobus CE, Vinjé J, Tibbetts SA, Wallet SM, Karst SM. Science. 2014 Nov 7;346(6210):755-9. doi: 10.1126/science.1257147. PMID: 25378626
The molecular pathology of noroviruses.
Karst SM, Zhu S, Goodfellow IG. J Pathol. 2015 Jan;235(2):206-16. doi: 10.1002/path.4463. PMID: 25312350
Advances in norovirus biology.
Karst SM, Wobus CE, Goodfellow IG, Green KY, Virgin HW. Cell Host Microbe. 2014 Jun 11;15(6):668-80. doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2014.05.015. PMID: 24922570
The effect of malnutrition on norovirus infection.
Hickman D, Jones MK, Zhu S, Kirkpatrick E, Ostrov DA, Wang X, Ukhanova M, Sun Y, Mai V, Salemi M, Karst SM. mBio. 2014 Mar 4;5(2):e01032-13. doi: 10.1128/mBio.01032-13. PMID: 24595373
Identification of immune and viral correlates of norovirus protective immunity through comparative study of intra-cluster norovirus strains.
Zhu S, Regev D, Watanabe M, Hickman D, Moussatche N, Jesus DM, Kahan SM, Napthine S, Brierley I, Hunter RN 3rd, Devabhaktuni D, Jones MK, Karst SM. PLoS Pathog. 2013;9(9):e1003592. doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1003592. Epub 2013 Sep 5. PMID: 24039576
Comparative murine norovirus studies reveal a lack of correlation between intestinal virus titers and enteric pathology.
Kahan SM, Liu G, Reinhard MK, Hsu CC, Livingston RS, Karst SM. Virology. 2011 Dec 20;421(2):202-10. doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2011.09.030. Epub 2011 Oct 22. PMID: 22018636
Pathogenesis of noroviruses, emerging RNA viruses.
Karst SM. Viruses. 2010 Mar;2(3):748-81. doi: 10.3390/v2030748. Epub 2010 Mar 23. PMID: 21994656
Primary high-dose murine norovirus 1 infection fails to protect from secondary challenge with homologous virus.
Liu G, Kahan SM, Jia Y, Karst SM. J Virol. 2009 Jul;83(13):6963-8. doi: 10.1128/JVI.00284-09. Epub 2009 Apr 29. PMID: 19403675
Type I and type II interferons inhibit the translation of murine norovirus proteins.
Changotra H, Jia Y, Moore TN, Liu G, Kahan SM, Sosnovtsev SV, Karst SM. J Virol. 2009 Jun;83(11):5683-92. doi: 10.1128/JVI.00231-09. Epub 2009 Mar 18. PMID: 19297466
Murine norovirus 1 infection is associated with histopathological changes in immunocompetent hosts, but clinical disease is prevented by STAT1-dependent interferon responses.
Mumphrey SM, Changotra H, Moore TN, Heimann-Nichols ER, Wobus CE, Reilly MJ, Moghadamfalahi M, Shukla D, Karst SM. J Virol. 2007 Apr;81(7):3251-63. doi: 10.1128/JVI.02096-06. Epub 2007 Jan 17. PMID: 17229692
Cleavage map and proteolytic processing of the murine norovirus nonstructural polyprotein in infected cells.
Sosnovtsev SV, Belliot G, Chang KO, Prikhodko VG, Thackray LB, Wobus CE, Karst SM, Virgin HW, Green KY. J Virol. 2006 Aug;80(16):7816-31. doi: 10.1128/JVI.00532-06. PMID: 16873239
Replication of Norovirus in cell culture reveals a tropism for dendritic cells and macrophages.
Wobus CE, Karst SM, Thackray LB, Chang KO, Sosnovtsev SV, Belliot G, Krug A, Mackenzie JM, Green KY, Virgin HW. PLoS Biol. 2004 Dec;2(12):e432. doi: 10.1371/journal.pbio.0020432. Epub 2004 Nov 30. PMID: 15562321
STAT1-dependent innate immunity to a Norwalk-like virus.
Karst SM, Wobus CE, Lay M, Davidson J, Virgin HW 4th. Science. 2003 Mar 7;299(5612):1575-8. doi: 10.1126/science.1077905. PMID: 12624267
The yeast retrotransposons Ty1 and Ty3 require the RNA Lariat debranching enzyme, Dbr1p, for efficient accumulation of reverse transcripts.
Karst SM, Rütz ML, Menees TM. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2000 Feb 5;268(1):112-7. doi: 10.1006/bbrc.1999.2048. PMID: 10652222
Cell cycle control of reverse transcriptase activity for the yeast retrotransposon Ty3.
Karst SM, Sadeghi N, Menees TM. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1999 Jan 27;254(3):679-84. doi: 10.1006/bbrc.1998.0128. PMID: 9920800
Mirabelli C, Jones MK, Young VL, Kolawole AO, Owusu I, Shan M, Abuaita B, Turula H, Trevino JG, Grigorova I, Lundy SK, Lyssiotis CA, Ward VK, Karst SM, Wobus CE. mBio. 2022 Apr 26;13(2):e0017522. doi: 10.1128/mbio.00175-22. Epub 2022 Apr 11. PMID: 35404121
Genome-scale CRISPR screens identify host factors that promote human coronavirus infection.
Grodzki M, Bluhm AP, Schaefer M, Tagmount A, Russo M, Sobh A, Rafiee R, Vulpe CD, Karst SM, Norris MH. Genome Med. 2022 Jan 27;14(1):10. doi: 10.1186/s13073-022-01013-1. PMID: 35086559
The influence of microbiota-derived metabolites on viral infections.
Alwin A, Karst SM. Curr Opin Virol. 2021 Aug;49:151-156. doi: 10.1016/j.coviro.2021.05.006. Epub 2021 Jun 16. PMID: 34144380
Norovirus evolution in immunodeficient mice reveals potentiated pathogenicity via a single nucleotide change in the viral capsid.
Walker FC, Hassan E, Peterson ST, Rodgers R, Schriefer LA, Thompson CE, Li Y, Kalugotla G, Blum-Johnston C, Lawrence D, McCune BT, Graziano VR, Lushniak L, Lee S, Roth AN, Karst SM, Nice TJ, Miner JJ, Wilen CB, Baldridge MT. PLoS Pathog. 2021 Mar 11;17(3):e1009402. doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1009402. eCollection 2021 Mar. PMID: 33705489
Norovirus infection causes acute self-resolving diarrhea in wild-type neonatal mice. Roth AN, Helm EW, Mirabelli C, Kirsche E, Smith JC, Eurell LB, Ghosh S, Altan-Bonnet N, Wobus CE, Karst SM. Nat Commun. 2020 Jun 11;11(1):2968. doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-16798-1. PMID: 32528015
Infectious Norovirus Is Chronically Shed by Immunocompromised Pediatric Hosts.
Davis A, Cortez V, Grodzki M, Dallas R, Ferrolino J, Freiden P, Maron G, Hakim H, Hayden RT, Tang L, Huys A, Kolawole AO, Wobus CE, Jones MK, Karst SM, Schultz-Cherry S. Viruses. 2020 Jun 5;12(6):619. doi: 10.3390/v12060619. PMID: 32516960
Survival of Human Norovirus Surrogates in Water upon Exposure to Thermal and Non-Thermal Antiviral Treatments.
Zhu S, Barnes C, Bhar S, Hoyeck P, Galbraith AN, Devabhaktuni D, Karst SM, Montazeri N, Jones MK. Viruses. 2020 Apr 19;12(4):461. doi: 10.3390/v12040461. PMID: 32325896
The intestinal regionalization of acute norovirus infection is regulated by the microbiota via bile acid-mediated priming of type III interferon.
Grau KR, Zhu S, Peterson ST, Helm EW, Philip D, Phillips M, Hernandez A, Turula H, Frasse P, Graziano VR, Wilen CB, Wobus CE, Baldridge MT, Karst SM. Nat Microbiol. 2020 Jan;5(1):84-92. doi: 10.1038/s41564-019-0602-7. Epub 2019 Nov 25. PMID: 31768030
Diverse Mechanisms Underlie Enhancement of Enteric Viruses by the Mammalian Intestinal Microbiota.
Roth AN, Grau KR, Karst SM. Viruses. 2019 Aug 17;11(8):760. doi: 10.3390/v11080760. PMID: 31426458
Editorial overview: Viruses and the microbiome.
Karst SM, Wobus CE. Curr Opin Virol. 2019 Aug;37:iii-vi. doi: 10.1016/j.coviro.2019.06.012. Epub 2019 Jul 20. PMID: 31331870
Enteric Viruses Hitch a Ride on the Evolutionary Highway.
Jones MK, Karst SM. Cell Host Microbe. 2018 Jan 10;23(1):5-6. doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2017.12.013. PMID: 29324229
The major targets of acute norovirus infection are immune cells in the gut-associated lymphoid tissue.
Grau KR, Roth AN, Zhu S, Hernandez A, Colliou N, DiVita BB, Philip DT, Riffe C, Giasson B, Wallet SM, Mohamadzadeh M, Karst SM. Nat Microbiol. 2017 Dec;2(12):1586-1591. doi: 10.1038/s41564-017-0057-7. Epub 2017 Nov 6. PMID: 29109476
A norovirus detection architecture based on isothermal amplification and expanded genetic systems.
Yaren O, Bradley KM, Moussatche P, Hoshika S, Yang Z, Zhu S, Karst SM, Benner SA. J Virol Methods. 2016 Nov;237:64-71. doi: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2016.08.012. Epub 2016 Aug 18. PMID: 27546345
Recent advances in understanding norovirus pathogenesis.
Karst SM, Tibbetts SA. J Med Virol. 2016 Nov;88(11):1837-43. doi: 10.1002/jmv.24559. Epub 2016 May 5. PMID: 27110852
Viral Safeguard: The Enteric Virome Protects against Gut Inflammation.
Karst SM. Immunity. 2016 Apr 19;44(4):715-8. doi: 10.1016/j.immuni.2016.04.004. PMID: 27096311
Norovirus antagonism of B-cell antigen presentation results in impaired control of acute infection.
Zhu S, Jones MK, Hickman D, Han S, Reeves W, Karst SM. Mucosal Immunol. 2016 Nov;9(6):1559-1570. doi: 10.1038/mi.2016.15. Epub 2016 Mar 23. PMID: 27007673
Viruses in Rodent Colonies: Lessons Learned from Murine Noroviruses.
Karst SM, Wobus CE. Annu Rev Virol. 2015 Nov;2(1):525-48. doi: 10.1146/annurev-virology-100114-055204. Epub 2015 Jul 2. PMID: 26958927
The influence of commensal bacteria on infection with enteric viruses.
Karst SM. Nat Rev Microbiol. 2016 Apr;14(4):197-204. doi: 10.1038/nrmicro.2015.25. Epub 2016 Feb 8. PMID: 26853118
Regulation of Norovirus Virulence by the VP1 Protruding Domain Correlates with B Cell Infection Efficiency.
Zhu S, Watanabe M, Kirkpatrick E, Murray AB, Sok R, Karst SM. J Virol. 2015 Dec 30;90(6):2858-67. doi: 10.1128/JVI.02880-15. PMID: 26719276
Norovirus mechanisms of immune antagonism.
Roth AN, Karst SM. Curr Opin Virol. 2016 Feb;16:24-30. doi: 10.1016/j.coviro.2015.11.005. Epub 2015 Dec 7. PMID: 26673810
Human norovirus culture in B cells.
Jones MK, Grau KR, Costantini V, Kolawole AO, de Graaf M, Freiden P, Graves CL, Koopmans M, Wallet SM, Tibbetts SA, Schultz-Cherry S, Wobus CE, Vinjé J, Karst SM. Nat Protoc. 2015 Dec;10(12):1939-47. doi: 10.1038/nprot.2015.121. Epub 2015 Oct 29. PMID: 26513671
Identification of a novel cellular target and a co-factor for norovirus infection - B cells & commensal bacteria.
Karst SM. Gut Microbes. 2015 Jul 4;6(4):266-71. doi: 10.1080/19490976.2015.1052211. Epub 2015 May 21. PMID: 25997033
Multiplex gastrointestinal pathogen panels: implications for infection control.
Rand KH, Tremblay EE, Hoidal M, Fisher LB, Grau KR, Karst SM. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 2015 Jun;82(2):154-7. doi: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2015.01.007. Epub 2015 Jan 22. PMID: 25796558
What is the reservoir of emergent human norovirus strains?
Karst SM, Baric RS. J Virol. 2015 Jun;89(11):5756-9. doi: 10.1128/JVI.03063-14. Epub 2015 Mar 18. PMID: 25787285
A working model of how noroviruses infect the intestine.
Karst SM, Wobus CE. PLoS Pathog. 2015 Feb 27;11(2):e1004626. doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1004626. eCollection 2015 Feb. PMID: 25723501
Enteric bacteria promote human and mouse norovirus infection of B cells.
Jones MK, Watanabe M, Zhu S, Graves CL, Keyes LR, Grau KR, Gonzalez-Hernandez MB, Iovine NM, Wobus CE, Vinjé J, Tibbetts SA, Wallet SM, Karst SM. Science. 2014 Nov 7;346(6210):755-9. doi: 10.1126/science.1257147. PMID: 25378626
The molecular pathology of noroviruses.
Karst SM, Zhu S, Goodfellow IG. J Pathol. 2015 Jan;235(2):206-16. doi: 10.1002/path.4463. PMID: 25312350
Advances in norovirus biology.
Karst SM, Wobus CE, Goodfellow IG, Green KY, Virgin HW. Cell Host Microbe. 2014 Jun 11;15(6):668-80. doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2014.05.015. PMID: 24922570
The effect of malnutrition on norovirus infection.
Hickman D, Jones MK, Zhu S, Kirkpatrick E, Ostrov DA, Wang X, Ukhanova M, Sun Y, Mai V, Salemi M, Karst SM. mBio. 2014 Mar 4;5(2):e01032-13. doi: 10.1128/mBio.01032-13. PMID: 24595373
Identification of immune and viral correlates of norovirus protective immunity through comparative study of intra-cluster norovirus strains.
Zhu S, Regev D, Watanabe M, Hickman D, Moussatche N, Jesus DM, Kahan SM, Napthine S, Brierley I, Hunter RN 3rd, Devabhaktuni D, Jones MK, Karst SM. PLoS Pathog. 2013;9(9):e1003592. doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1003592. Epub 2013 Sep 5. PMID: 24039576
Comparative murine norovirus studies reveal a lack of correlation between intestinal virus titers and enteric pathology.
Kahan SM, Liu G, Reinhard MK, Hsu CC, Livingston RS, Karst SM. Virology. 2011 Dec 20;421(2):202-10. doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2011.09.030. Epub 2011 Oct 22. PMID: 22018636
Pathogenesis of noroviruses, emerging RNA viruses.
Karst SM. Viruses. 2010 Mar;2(3):748-81. doi: 10.3390/v2030748. Epub 2010 Mar 23. PMID: 21994656
Primary high-dose murine norovirus 1 infection fails to protect from secondary challenge with homologous virus.
Liu G, Kahan SM, Jia Y, Karst SM. J Virol. 2009 Jul;83(13):6963-8. doi: 10.1128/JVI.00284-09. Epub 2009 Apr 29. PMID: 19403675
Type I and type II interferons inhibit the translation of murine norovirus proteins.
Changotra H, Jia Y, Moore TN, Liu G, Kahan SM, Sosnovtsev SV, Karst SM. J Virol. 2009 Jun;83(11):5683-92. doi: 10.1128/JVI.00231-09. Epub 2009 Mar 18. PMID: 19297466
Murine norovirus 1 infection is associated with histopathological changes in immunocompetent hosts, but clinical disease is prevented by STAT1-dependent interferon responses.
Mumphrey SM, Changotra H, Moore TN, Heimann-Nichols ER, Wobus CE, Reilly MJ, Moghadamfalahi M, Shukla D, Karst SM. J Virol. 2007 Apr;81(7):3251-63. doi: 10.1128/JVI.02096-06. Epub 2007 Jan 17. PMID: 17229692
Cleavage map and proteolytic processing of the murine norovirus nonstructural polyprotein in infected cells.
Sosnovtsev SV, Belliot G, Chang KO, Prikhodko VG, Thackray LB, Wobus CE, Karst SM, Virgin HW, Green KY. J Virol. 2006 Aug;80(16):7816-31. doi: 10.1128/JVI.00532-06. PMID: 16873239
Replication of Norovirus in cell culture reveals a tropism for dendritic cells and macrophages.
Wobus CE, Karst SM, Thackray LB, Chang KO, Sosnovtsev SV, Belliot G, Krug A, Mackenzie JM, Green KY, Virgin HW. PLoS Biol. 2004 Dec;2(12):e432. doi: 10.1371/journal.pbio.0020432. Epub 2004 Nov 30. PMID: 15562321
STAT1-dependent innate immunity to a Norwalk-like virus.
Karst SM, Wobus CE, Lay M, Davidson J, Virgin HW 4th. Science. 2003 Mar 7;299(5612):1575-8. doi: 10.1126/science.1077905. PMID: 12624267
The yeast retrotransposons Ty1 and Ty3 require the RNA Lariat debranching enzyme, Dbr1p, for efficient accumulation of reverse transcripts.
Karst SM, Rütz ML, Menees TM. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2000 Feb 5;268(1):112-7. doi: 10.1006/bbrc.1999.2048. PMID: 10652222
Cell cycle control of reverse transcriptase activity for the yeast retrotransposon Ty3.
Karst SM, Sadeghi N, Menees TM. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1999 Jan 27;254(3):679-84. doi: 10.1006/bbrc.1998.0128. PMID: 9920800